Introduction Almost 38 years ago the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) launched the EMBL nucleotide sequence database library. Since that day all the improvements in sequencing archiving technologies led to…

Mundus Biota Abiota Arborea Terrabiota Esobiota Clade Ribosa (made up of DNA or RNA) Aribosa Imperium Cytota Acytota Regio Eukaryota Prokaryota Virii Prions Cryms Regnum “kingdom” AnimaliaPlantae Fungi Protista Chromista…

Karl von Linne was born in Sweden, Latinized in Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778). His great work, Systema Naturae, published in 1735, developed through 13 editions throughout his life. Linneo is best…

Request for Proposal (RFP) A request for proposal (RFP) is a document that solicits proposal, often made through a bidding process, by an agency or company interested in procurement of…

Request For Information (RFI) A request for information (RFI) is a standard business process whose purpose is to collect written information about the capabilities of various suppliers. Normally it follows…

Contract Research Organization (CRO) A contract research organization (CRO) is an organization that provides support to the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device industries in the form of research services outsourced…

International Standardization Organization (ISO) ISO is an independent, non-governmental international organization with a membership of 163 national standards bodies.Through its members, it brings together experts to share knowledge and develop voluntary, consensus-based,…

Job Details (JD) A broad, general, and written statement of a specific job, based on the findings of a job analysis. It generally includes duties, purpose, responsibilities, scope, and working…

Curriculum Vitae (CV) A summary of a job applicant’s professional experience and educational background, along with other relevant information regarding the candidate’s qualifications. The curriculum vitae is similar to a…

Research and Development (R&D) Research and development (R&D) refers to the investigative activities a business conducts to improve existing products and procedures or to lead to the development of new…

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) A standard operating procedure, or SOP, is a set of step-by-step instructions compiled by an organization to help workers carry out routine operations. SOPs aim to…

Good Clinical Practice (GCP) The tripartite harmonised ICH Guideline was finalised under Step 4 in May 1996. This Good Clinical Practices document describes the responsibilities and expectations of all participants…

European Union (EU) The European Union is a unique economic and political union between 27 European countries that together cover much of the continent. The EU was created in the…