DRUGS THAT EXCERT NARCOTIC EFFECTS
Endogenous opiates
- [Leu5]enkephalin
- [Met5]enkephalin
- Dynorphin A
- Dynorpin B
- β-endorphin (endorphins = endogenous morphine peptides)
- α-endorphin (endorphins = endogenous morphine peptides)
- β-neoendorphin (endorphins = endogenous morphine peptides)
Opium alkaloids
(almost 29 alkaloids are contained in the resin of the opium poppy (papaverum somniferum)
- Morphine
- Codeine
- Thebaine
- Papaverine
- Noscapine (narcotine)
Morphine derivatives agonists
- Hydromorphone (dihydromorphinone)
- N-pheniletilmoprhina
- Dihydrocodeine
- Hydrocodone
- Normorphine
- Oxymorphone
- Oxycodone
- Metopone
- Heroin or diamorphine (prodrug)
Mophine derivetives antagonists
- Naloxone (pure antagonist)
- Naltrexone (pure antagonist)
- Nalorphine (agonist/antagonist mixed)
Morphinan derivatives
- Levorphanol (agonist)
- Levomethorphan
- Dextromethorphan (potent antitussive)
- Levallorphan (partial agonist; antagonist mi, agonist k)
- Butorphanol
- Cyclorphan
Benzomorphan derivatives
- Benzomorphan is obtained by elimination of C ring of morphinans)
- Metazocin
- Phenazocine
- Pentazocine
- Cyclazocine
4-Phenylpiperidine derivatives
- α-prodine (trans Me/Ph)
- β-prodine (cis Me&Ph)
- Meperidine
- Bemidone (more active than meperidine)
- Ketobeidone (active as meperidine)
- Diphenoxylate
- Loperamide (Opioid agonist)
4-substituted piperidines
Phenylpropylamine derivatives
- Methadone (opioid agonist “receptor mi”)
- Isomethadone
- Phenadoxone
- Dextromoramide
- Normethadone (antitussive)
- Dipipanone
- Propoxyphene
- Dextropropoxyphene
- Tramadol
- Tapentadol
Oripavine derivatives
(Thebaine reaction with an appropriate dienophiles bring to oripavine derivatives)
- Etorphine (1000-10.000 times more potent than morphine – only vet use)
- Buprenorphine (20-30 times more potent than morphine)
- Diprenorphine
- 7PET