DRUGS TO TREAT EPILEPSY
Antiepileptic drugs active on GABAergic transmission
Positive allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines (BDZ)
GABA-Transaminase inhibitors (GABA-T inhibitors)
- Valproic acid (reversible)
- Vigabatrin (irreversible)
- Prebagalin
GABA Transporter inhibitors (GABA uptake inhibitors or GATI)
Na+ channel blockers antiepileptic drugs (AED)
2,6-dioxo-hesahydropyrimidine
- Primidone (PRM)
- Phenobarbital (Primidone in vivo)
- Phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA) – PRM major metabolite
Hydantoin
- Phenytoin (PHT)
- Mephenytoin (toxic)
- Ethotoin
Iminostilbenes
Ca+ channel blockers antiepileptic drugs (AED)
Oxazolidinediones
Succinimides
First line treatment for absence seizures
AED active on glutamatergic transmission
- Felbamate (FBM)
- Meprobamate
New Antiepileptic drugs (AED)
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide, benzolamide, etc.)
- Topiramate (TPM)
- Zonisamide
- Levetiracetam
- Gabapentin